STRATEGIES CHILDREN USE TO COPE WITH STRESS

Human development occurs across the lifespan of each individual, it begins at imagination and continues until death (P.B.Baltes, 1987. Kohli, 1984. cited in Heckha spendn & deoxyadenosine monophosphate; Schultz, 1995). After the development of the antepartum stages (zygote, fetus, baby - during pregnancy), the youngster is born. At birth, babies atomic number 18 born with primary take strategies (behavioral strategies) that help them to deal with focal pointful situations. Primary control strategies argon outwardly directed, they attempt to change the world so that it fits the necessitate and desires of the individual (Heckhausen & Schultz, 1995). In the later stages of childhood, they develop secondary strategies (cognitive strategies) that withal assist in there ability to write out with stress, these are more than inwardly based (Heckhausen &Schultz, 1995).

As the baby grows he/she forget eventually (and continually) experience situations in life that will shake up stress, a child needs to learn how to get by with stress.



Each situation will cause varying degrees of stress for each child, roughly situations will cause stress for some children but will not cause stress for others, therefrom the way a situation is approached by a child depends on how stressful the child perceives that situation (Marriage & Cummins, 2004)

To cope with stress children learn strategies that appear to be universal (occur in all children) but not universal within a situation, they can choose to partially avoid, completely avoid or approach stressful situations (Altshuler & Ruble, 1989).

The first coping strategies that children use are innate and are primary strategies (Marriage & Cummins, 2004. cite Heckhausen & Schulz) Primary strategies are (observable) behaviors that are displayed for others to

see. The developmental stage of infancy and toddler hood (0 - 2 years) the infant comes into contact with more and more stressful situations, learning to sit, crawl and walk cause the infant stress,

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